Topic 2.3: Grammar. Connectives to express contrast and surprise.

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TOPIC 3: Connectives to express contrast and surprise.

CLASS VIDEO

GRAMMAR

VOCABULARY

                                          AG.2.3.1.

Finance: A branch of economics that studies the management of money, including investing, saving, borrowing, and spending. It can also refer to the financial resources of a person, business, or government.
Raise: To obtain or collect money, especially through donations or investments, or to increase something such as a price or salary.
Viral: Something that spreads quickly on the internet or social media, usually content like videos, images, or posts.
Phenomenon: A remarkable or unusual event or fact that can be observed or experienced. It can also refer to something popular or impactful in culture or society.
Donation: A voluntary gift of money, goods, or other resources to a cause, organization, or person, without expecting anything in return.
Invest: To use money to acquire assets (such as stocks, property, or businesses) with the hope of gaining a profit or benefit in the future.
Scam: A deceitful scheme designed to get money or other benefits fraudulently.
Risk: The possibility of harm, loss, or a negative outcome. In finance, it refers to the uncertainty about the return of an investment.
Fundraising: The process of collecting money for a cause, project, organization, or business, often through donations, events, or campaigns.
Crowdfunding: A method of raising money through small contributions from many people, usually via online platforms, to finance projects, products, social causes, or startups.

TOPIC 3: Connectives to express contrast and surprise.

Connectives to express contrast and surprise are essential tools in both written and spoken communication. These connectives help highlight differences, unexpected outcomes, or surprising situations, making the message clearer and more engaging. By using words like "however," "on the other hand," "nevertheless," "yet," "although," "even though," "in contrast," "despite," "but," "still," and "for all," speakers and writers can create emphasis, add complexity, and guide their audience through contrasting ideas or surprising twists in a discussion or narrative.

1. Connectives to express contrast

Connectives to express contrast help highlight differences or contradictions between ideas. They are essential for creating clarity and emphasizing opposing viewpoints, making communication more dynamic. Common connectives include "however," "but," "on the other hand," and "yet," which guide the flow of contrasting information.

Structure:

Main sentence (initial idea), + contrasting connector + secondary sentence (contrasting idea)

Examples:

                                          AG.2.3.2

1. Finance is essential for understanding the global economy, however, many individuals lack basic financial literacy.
     Las finanzas son esenciales para comprender la economía global, sin embargo, muchas personas carecen de conocimientos financieros básicos.

2. Nonprofits raise funds through donations to support social causes, on the other hand, corporations often raise capital to increase their profits.
     Las organizaciones sin fines de lucro recaudan fondos a través de donaciones para apoyar causas sociales, por otro lado, las corporaciones a menudo recaudan capital para aumentar sus ganancias.

3. A video can go viral in a matter of hours, yet its popularity may fade just as quickly.
     Un vídeo puede volverse viral en cuestión de horas, pero su popularidad puede desaparecer con la misma rapidez.

2. Connectives to express surprise

Connectives to express surprise are used to highlight unexpected or astonishing information. They help convey moments of disbelief or astonishment, adding emphasis to statements. Common connectives like "incredibly," "amazingly," "surprisingly," and "to our surprise" make the communication more engaging and impactful.

Structure:

Introduction to the situation or fact + surprise connector + development of the surprising situation

Examples:

                                          AG.2.3.3

1. The rise of online streaming was a surprising phenomenon that changed media consumption.
     El auge de las plataformas de streaming fue un fenómeno sorprendente que cambió el consumo de medios.

2. Donations are common, but surprisingly, many are made anonymously.
     Las donaciones son comunes, pero sorprendentemente muchas se hacen de forma anónima.

3. Investing in startups seemed risky, but surprisingly, it brought high returns.
     Invertir en startups parecía arriesgado, pero sorprendentemente, trajo altos rendimientos.

EXERCISES:

Help the teacher translate the following sentences into English:

1. Las estafas suelen ser fáciles de detectar, pero sorprendentemente, muchas personas aún caen en ellas.

2. Las inversiones de alto riesgo pueden generar grandes recompensas, pero a menudo son demasiado arriesgadas para los inversionistas conservadores.

3. Los eventos de recaudación de fondos suelen atraer a muchas personas, pero sorprendentemente, las donaciones a veces son más bajas de lo esperado.

4. El crowdfunding ha ayudado a muchas startups a tener éxito, pero a menudo requiere mucho esfuerzo para ganar tracción.

5. Las finanzas son esenciales para los negocios, pero sorprendentemente, muchos emprendedores carecen de conocimientos financieros.

SOLVED EXERCISES ERG.2.3.1

SOLVED EXERCISES ERG.2.3.1

Order the words in the following sentence. Drag the words into the box.

PROPOSED EXERCISES EPG.2.3.1.

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